Safety > Motorists and pedestrians > Winter driving >

Effects of cold weather when driving

Frostbite | Hypothermia

A crash or other severe weather situation can occur at any time. And it could be deadly in more ways than one.

Frostbite

Exposed skin can freeze within one minute at wind-chill equivalent temperatures below -25 Fahrenheit.

• Frostbite affects the extremities, such as fingers and toes.
• If a body part has been frostbitten once, it is more susceptible to frostbite again, even in milder conditions.
• Redness and a burning sensation are indications frostbite will occur unless the extremity is warmed.
• Numbness is an indication that frostbite has already taken place.
• If frostbite is discovered, hold the affected part tightly against the warm skin or another part of the body; (for example place frozen fingers under arm).
• When thoroughly warmed, keep covered and make an effort to keep area from freezing again.

Hypothermia

Remember hypothermia (rapid loss of body temperature) can happen to anyone!  

Under conditions of prolonged exposure to cold, the body may begin to lose heat faster than it can produce it. A condition called hypothermia begins to develop. The symptoms become very apparent, and include:

• Uncontrollable shivering
• Vague, slow, slurred speech
• Memory lapses
• Incoherence
• Immobile, fumbling hands
• Frequent stumbling
• Lurching gait
• Drowsiness
• Apparent exhaustion

If you believe you are experiencing these symptoms, it is important that you make every effort to get warm. 

Avoid hypothermia by staying dry and dressing warmly. If wet, remove wet clothing and get into warm, dry clothes, blankets or a sleeping bag. Stay awake and alert. 

If a hypothermia victim loses consciousness, seek medical attention immediately.

Return to top

Questions about the content of this page:
Michael Goetzman, michael.goetzman@dot.state.wi.us
Last modified: November 12, 2007